In the disablement model used in physical therapy, what is the term for loss or abnormality of physiological, psychological, or anatomical structure or function?

In the disablement model used in physical therapy, what is the term for loss or abnormality of physiological, psychological, or anatomical structure or function?

• A. Functional Limitation
• B. Impairment
• C. Handicap
• D. Disability

Answer: (B)

Impairment is the loss or abnormality of a physiological, psychological, or anatomical structure or function. In the disablement sequence used in physical therapy, this is the first level—the actual change in tissue or body systems, such as reduced range of motion, weakness, pain, sensory loss, or cognitive changes. This impairment is what can then lead to functional limitations (difficulty performing tasks like rising from a chair or reaching overhead) and, further still, to disability or handicap (limitations in social roles or activities like work). So the term described captures the fundamental change in structure or function, not the person’s ability to perform tasks or participate in life roles.

Impairment is the loss or abnormality of a physiological, psychological, or anatomical structure or function. In the disablement sequence used in physical therapy, this is the first level—the actual change in tissue or body systems, such as reduced range of motion, weakness, pain, sensory loss, or cognitive changes. This impairment is what can then lead to functional limitations (difficulty performing tasks like rising from a chair or reaching overhead) and, further still, to disability or handicap (limitations in social roles or activities like work). So the term described captures the fundamental change in structure or function, not the person’s ability to perform tasks or participate in life roles.